Sections in the chapter – Jauhar Text Book 12th Class
Study Plan
Group 13 elements
Day 1
8.1 Occurrence and their uses
8.2 General characteristics of Group 13 elements
8.3 Trends in chemical reactivity
Day 2
8.4 Aluminium: Extraction and properties
Practice problems: 8.1 to 8.8
Revision
Day 3
Group 14 Elements
8.5 Occurrence and uses
8.6 General characteristics of group 14 elements
8.7 Trends in chemical reactivity
Day 4
8.8 Forms of silica
8.9 Silicates
8.10 Silicones
Day 5
8.11 Tin and lead
P.P. 8.9 to 8.15
Revision
Day 6
Group 15 elements
8.12 Occurrence and uses
8.13 General characteristics of group 15 elements
8.14 Trends in chemical reactivity
Day 7
8.15 Production of phosphorus
8.16 Allotropic forms of phosphorus
8.17 Phosphine
8.18 Structure of some compounds of phosphorus
Day 8
P.P. 8.16 to 8.20
Group 16 elements
8.19 Occurrence and uses
8.20 General characteristics of group 16 elements
8.21 Trends in chemical reactivity
Day 9 and 10
8.22 Important compounds of group 16 elements
P.P 8.21 to 8.30
Day 11
8.23 Production of sulphur
8.24 allotropes of sulphur
8.25 Sulphuric acid
Group 17 elements
8.26 Occurrence and uses
8.27 General characteristics of group 17 elements
Day 12
8.28 Trends in chemical reactivity
8.29 Bleaching powder
8.30 Interhalogen compounds
P.P. 8.31 to 8.38
Day 13
Group 18 elements
8.31 Occurrence of noble gases
8.32 Isolation of noble gases and uses
8.32 General characteristics of group 18 elements
8.33 Compounds of noble gases
Day 14
pp. 8.39 to 8.41
Key factors to remember
Day 15
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 1 to 30
Day 16
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions 31 to 50
Day 17
Short Answer Questions: 1 to 20
Day 18
Short Answer Questions: 21 to 40
Day 19
Short Answer Questions: 41 to 60
Day 20
Short Answer Questions: 61 to 85
Day 21
Competition File: Conceptual questions: 1 to 20
Day 22
Competition File: Conceptual questions: 21 to 47
Day 23
Competition File: Multiple choice questions: 1 to 15
Day 24
Competition File: Multiple choice questions: 16 to 30
Day 25
Competition File: Multiple choice questions: 31 to 43
Day 26
Fill in the blanks: 15
Day 27
True or False: 10
Day 28 to 30
Revision and test paper questions
Tampilkan postingan dengan label inorganic chemistry. Tampilkan semua postingan
Tampilkan postingan dengan label inorganic chemistry. Tampilkan semua postingan
Rabu, 11 Maret 2009
IIT JEE Chemistry - Study Guide - 9. d and f -Block Elements
Sections in the chapter - Jauhar
Chemistry of d-Block elements
9.1 Definition and electronic configurations
9.2 General characteristics of transition elements
9.3 General trends in chemistry of transition elements
Practice problems 9.1 to 9.10
9.4 General trends in some important compounds
9.5 Occurrence and principles of extraction of iron
9.6 Occurrence and principles of extraction of copper
9.7 Occurrence and principles of extraction of silver
9.8 Occurrence and principles of extraction of zinc
9.9 Occurrence and principles of extraction of mercury
9.10 Steel and important alloys
P.P. 9.11 to 9.16
9.11 Some important compounds of transition metals
P.P. 9.17 to 9.22
9.12 Photography
Chemistry of f-Block elements
9.13 f-Block elements
9.14 General characteristics of Lanthanides and Actinides
9.15 Actinides
9.16 General characteristics of Actinides
9.17 Comparison of Actinide and Lanthanide series
P.P. 9.23 to 9.26
Key facts to remember
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 25
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 35
Short Answer Questions: 55
Long Answer Questions: 24
Competition File
Typical questions 8
Objective Questions:
Muliple choice questions: 50
Fill in the blanks: 15
True or False: 10
Study Plan
10 days main study
10 days revision
Day 1
Chemistry of d-Block elements
9.1 Definition and electronic configurations
9.2 General characteristics of transition elements
9.3 General trends in chemistry of transition elements up to melting and boiling points
Day 2
9.3 General trends in chemistry of transition elements – remaining portion.
Practice problems 9.1 to 9.10
Day 3
9.4 General trends in some important compounds
9.5 Occurrence and principles of extraction of iron
Day 4
9.6 Occurrence and principles of extraction of copper
9.7 Occurrence and principles of extraction of silver
9.8 Occurrence and principles of extraction of zinc
9.9 Occurrence and principles of extraction of mercury
9.10 Steel and important alloys
P.P. 9.11 to 9.16
Day 5
9.11 Some important compounds of transition metals
P.P. 9.17 to 9.22
9.12 Photography
Day 6
Chemistry of f-Block elements
9.13 f-Block elements
9.14 General characteristics of Lanthanides and Actinides
9.15 Actinides
9.16 General characteristics of Actinides
Day 7
9.17 Comparison of Actinide and Lanthanide series
P.P. 9.23 to 9.26
Key facts to remember
Day 8
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 25
Day 9
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 35
Day 10
Short Answer Questions: 1 to 30 55
Revision period
Day 11
Short Answer Questions: 31 to 55
Day 12
Competition File: Typical questions 8
Day 13
Competition File: Muliple choice questions: 1 to 25
Day 14
Competition File: Muliple choice questions: 26 to 50
Day 15
Fill in the blanks: 15
Day 16
True or False: 10
Day 17 to 20
Revision and test paper questions
Chemistry of d-Block elements
9.1 Definition and electronic configurations
9.2 General characteristics of transition elements
9.3 General trends in chemistry of transition elements
Practice problems 9.1 to 9.10
9.4 General trends in some important compounds
9.5 Occurrence and principles of extraction of iron
9.6 Occurrence and principles of extraction of copper
9.7 Occurrence and principles of extraction of silver
9.8 Occurrence and principles of extraction of zinc
9.9 Occurrence and principles of extraction of mercury
9.10 Steel and important alloys
P.P. 9.11 to 9.16
9.11 Some important compounds of transition metals
P.P. 9.17 to 9.22
9.12 Photography
Chemistry of f-Block elements
9.13 f-Block elements
9.14 General characteristics of Lanthanides and Actinides
9.15 Actinides
9.16 General characteristics of Actinides
9.17 Comparison of Actinide and Lanthanide series
P.P. 9.23 to 9.26
Key facts to remember
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 25
Revision Exercises
Very Short Answer questions: 35
Short Answer Questions: 55
Long Answer Questions: 24
Competition File
Typical questions 8
Objective Questions:
Muliple choice questions: 50
Fill in the blanks: 15
True or False: 10
Study Plan
10 days main study
10 days revision
Day 1
Chemistry of d-Block elements
9.1 Definition and electronic configurations
9.2 General characteristics of transition elements
9.3 General trends in chemistry of transition elements up to melting and boiling points
Day 2
9.3 General trends in chemistry of transition elements – remaining portion.
Practice problems 9.1 to 9.10
Day 3
9.4 General trends in some important compounds
9.5 Occurrence and principles of extraction of iron
Day 4
9.6 Occurrence and principles of extraction of copper
9.7 Occurrence and principles of extraction of silver
9.8 Occurrence and principles of extraction of zinc
9.9 Occurrence and principles of extraction of mercury
9.10 Steel and important alloys
P.P. 9.11 to 9.16
Day 5
9.11 Some important compounds of transition metals
P.P. 9.17 to 9.22
9.12 Photography
Day 6
Chemistry of f-Block elements
9.13 f-Block elements
9.14 General characteristics of Lanthanides and Actinides
9.15 Actinides
9.16 General characteristics of Actinides
Day 7
9.17 Comparison of Actinide and Lanthanide series
P.P. 9.23 to 9.26
Key facts to remember
Day 8
Conceptual Questions with Answers: 25
Day 9
Revision Exercises: Very Short Answer questions: 35
Day 10
Short Answer Questions: 1 to 30 55
Revision period
Day 11
Short Answer Questions: 31 to 55
Day 12
Competition File: Typical questions 8
Day 13
Competition File: Muliple choice questions: 1 to 25
Day 14
Competition File: Muliple choice questions: 26 to 50
Day 15
Fill in the blanks: 15
Day 16
True or False: 10
Day 17 to 20
Revision and test paper questions
Minggu, 28 Desember 2008
Inorganic Chemistry - Study Guide - IIT JEE
Textbooks
NCERT Books for XI and XII
Jauhar for XI and XII
Arihant Prakashan
Inorganic Chemistry for Competitions by O P Tandon, G.R. Bathla & Sons, Meerut
NCERT Books for XI and XII
Jauhar for XI and XII
Arihant Prakashan
Inorganic Chemistry for Competitions by O P Tandon, G.R. Bathla & Sons, Meerut
Senin, 02 Juni 2008
Silicon
Molecular Formula Si
Silicon Si;
Atomic weight 28.0855
Atomic number 14;
valence 4
Melting point 1414 deg C;
Boiling point 3265 deg C;
sp. gr. 2.33 (25 deg C);
Berzelius, generally credited with the discovery, in 1824 succeeded in preparing amorphous silicon by removing the fluosilicates by repeated washings. Deville in 1854 first prepared crystalline silicon, the second allotropic form of the element.
Silicon is present in the sun and stars and is a principal component of a class of meteorites known as "aerolites". It is also a component of tektites, a natural glass of uncertain origin.
Natural silicon contains three isotopes.
Fourteen other radioactive isotopes are recognized.
Silicon makes up 25.7% of the earth's crust, by weight, and is the second most abundant element, being exceeded only by oxygen.
Silicon is not found free in nature, but occurs chiefly as the oxide and as silicates. Sand, quartz, rock crystal, amethyst, agate, flint, jasper, and opal are some of the forms in which the oxide appears. Granite, hornblende, asbestos, feldspar, claymica, etc. are but a few of the numerous silicate minerals.
Silicon is prepared commercially by heating silica and carbon in an electric furnace, using carbon electrodes. Several other methods can be used for preparing the element.
Amorphous silicon can be prepared as a brown powder, which can be easily melted or vaporized.
Crystalline silicon has a metallic luster and grayish color.
The Czochralski process is commonly used to produce single crystals of silicon used for solid-state or semiconductor devices. Hyperpure silicon can be prepared by the thermal decomposition of ultra-pure trichlorosilane in a hydrogen atmosphere, and by a vacuum float zone process.
This product can be doped with boron, gallium, phosphorus, or arsenic to produce silicon for use in transistors, solar cells, rectifiers, and other solid-state devices which are used extensively in the electronics and space-age industries.
Hydrogenated amorphous silicon has shown promise in producing economical cells for converting solar energy into electricity.
Silicon is a relatively inert element, but it is attacked by halogens and dilute alkali. Most acids except hydrofluoric, do not affect it.
Silicones are important products of silicon. They may be prepared by hydrolyzing a silicon organic chloride, such as dimethyl silicon chloride. Hydrolysis and condensation of various substituted chlorosilanes can be used to produce a very great number of polymeric products or silicones, ranging from liquids to hard, glasslike solids with many useful properties.
Elemental silicon transmits more than 95% bf all wavelengths of infrared, from 1.3 to 6.7 um.
Silicon is one of man's most useful elements. In the form of sand and clay it is used to make concrete and brick; it is a useful refractory material for high-tempemture work, and in the form of silicates it is used in making enamels, pottery, etc.
Silica, as sand, is a principal ingredient of glass, one of the most inexpensive of materials with excellent mechanical, optical, thermal, and electrical properties. Glass can be made in a very great variety of shapes, and is used as containers, window glass, insulators, and thousands of other uses.
Silicon tetrachloride can be used to iridize glass. Silicon is important in plant and animal life. Diatoms in both fresh and salt water extract silica from the water to build up their cell walls.
Silica is present in ashes of plants and in the human skeleton. Silicon is an important ingredient in steel;
silicon carbide is one of the most important abrasives and has been used in lasers to produce coherent light of 4560 A.
Miners, stonecutters, and other engaged in work where siliceous dust is breathed in large quantities often develop a serious lung disease known as silicosis.
http://www.speclab.com/elements/silicon.htm
Silicon Si;
Atomic weight 28.0855
Atomic number 14;
valence 4
Melting point 1414 deg C;
Boiling point 3265 deg C;
sp. gr. 2.33 (25 deg C);
Berzelius, generally credited with the discovery, in 1824 succeeded in preparing amorphous silicon by removing the fluosilicates by repeated washings. Deville in 1854 first prepared crystalline silicon, the second allotropic form of the element.
Silicon is present in the sun and stars and is a principal component of a class of meteorites known as "aerolites". It is also a component of tektites, a natural glass of uncertain origin.
Natural silicon contains three isotopes.
Fourteen other radioactive isotopes are recognized.
Silicon makes up 25.7% of the earth's crust, by weight, and is the second most abundant element, being exceeded only by oxygen.
Silicon is not found free in nature, but occurs chiefly as the oxide and as silicates. Sand, quartz, rock crystal, amethyst, agate, flint, jasper, and opal are some of the forms in which the oxide appears. Granite, hornblende, asbestos, feldspar, claymica, etc. are but a few of the numerous silicate minerals.
Silicon is prepared commercially by heating silica and carbon in an electric furnace, using carbon electrodes. Several other methods can be used for preparing the element.
Amorphous silicon can be prepared as a brown powder, which can be easily melted or vaporized.
Crystalline silicon has a metallic luster and grayish color.
The Czochralski process is commonly used to produce single crystals of silicon used for solid-state or semiconductor devices. Hyperpure silicon can be prepared by the thermal decomposition of ultra-pure trichlorosilane in a hydrogen atmosphere, and by a vacuum float zone process.
This product can be doped with boron, gallium, phosphorus, or arsenic to produce silicon for use in transistors, solar cells, rectifiers, and other solid-state devices which are used extensively in the electronics and space-age industries.
Hydrogenated amorphous silicon has shown promise in producing economical cells for converting solar energy into electricity.
Silicon is a relatively inert element, but it is attacked by halogens and dilute alkali. Most acids except hydrofluoric, do not affect it.
Silicones are important products of silicon. They may be prepared by hydrolyzing a silicon organic chloride, such as dimethyl silicon chloride. Hydrolysis and condensation of various substituted chlorosilanes can be used to produce a very great number of polymeric products or silicones, ranging from liquids to hard, glasslike solids with many useful properties.
Elemental silicon transmits more than 95% bf all wavelengths of infrared, from 1.3 to 6.7 um.
Silicon is one of man's most useful elements. In the form of sand and clay it is used to make concrete and brick; it is a useful refractory material for high-tempemture work, and in the form of silicates it is used in making enamels, pottery, etc.
Silica, as sand, is a principal ingredient of glass, one of the most inexpensive of materials with excellent mechanical, optical, thermal, and electrical properties. Glass can be made in a very great variety of shapes, and is used as containers, window glass, insulators, and thousands of other uses.
Silicon tetrachloride can be used to iridize glass. Silicon is important in plant and animal life. Diatoms in both fresh and salt water extract silica from the water to build up their cell walls.
Silica is present in ashes of plants and in the human skeleton. Silicon is an important ingredient in steel;
silicon carbide is one of the most important abrasives and has been used in lasers to produce coherent light of 4560 A.
Miners, stonecutters, and other engaged in work where siliceous dust is breathed in large quantities often develop a serious lung disease known as silicosis.
http://www.speclab.com/elements/silicon.htm
Langganan:
Postingan (Atom)